Bevacizumab and its biosimilar, Ankeda (the first bevacizumab biosimilar approved in China), have demonstrated significant efficacy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), providing crucial therapeutic options. This review focuses on a comparative analysis of Avastin (the originator bevacizumab) and Ankeda, both of which are representative agents in clinical practice and health policy. Their mechanism of action involves targeted inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), thereby suppressing tumor angiogenesis and growth. Clinical evidence confirms that this mechanism translates into significant extensions of both progression-free survival and overall survival. Studies have established high similarity between Ankeda and Avastin in terms of efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity. Furthermore, the enhanced cost-effectiveness of Ankeda significantly improves treatment accessibility. The combination of either agent with chemotherapy demonstrates a synergistic effect, improving the objective response rate and patient quality of life. Future efforts to optimize treatment regimens and develop novel therapeutic agents remain pivotal for advancing outcomes in NSCLC management.