Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a highly curable B-cell malignancy, with its treatment paradigm shifting from traditional chemotherapy toward a personalized "precision staging-dynamic adjustment" approach. In early-stage classical HL (CHL), the NIVAHL and BREACH trials demonstrated that combining immune checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., nivolumab) or antibody-drug conjugates (e.g., brentuximab vedotin, BV) with chemotherapy significantly improves complete response rates while reducing radiotherapy doses, without increasing secondary malignancy risks. For advanced-stage CHL, the SWOG S1826 trial established nivolumab-AVD as the new frontline standard, while the HD21 trial showed that the BrECADD regimen—by removing bleomycin and procarbazine—maintains efficacy (4-year PFS 94.3%) while reducing gonadal toxicity to <5%, making it a preferred option for young patients. Elderly patients have seen groundbreaking progress, with nivolumab-AVD achieving a 25% improvement in 2-year PFS (89% vs. 64%) over conventional regimens, and manageable immune-related toxicities. For relapsed/refractory HL, a stepwise strategy has emerged: PD-1 inhibitors or BV combined with chemotherapy, CD30-directed CAR-T cell therapy, and bispecific antibodies offer new options for multidrug-resistant cases. Future research must aim to improve cure rates while achieving the dual objectives of minimizing treatment-related toxicity and optimizing long-term quality of life.